Rethinking the Traditional Architecture Based on Building Science Technology Perspective: How Does Javanese Traditional Architecture Form the Acoustic Behavior of Gamelan Music? (A Case Study of Srimanganti Bangsal of Keraton Yogyakarta)

摘要

This research discusses about rethinking traditional architecture by extending the studies about the perspective on building science technology, especially the acoustic. The objective of this study is to research about how Javanese architecture (Joglo building) in treating music with Javanese character. In addition, it aims to identify significant element of the building in treating Javanese music between the column and Tumpangsari (name of Javanese unique multi beam frame). The sample of this research is bangsal srimanganti in the complex of Keraton (Sultan Palace) of Yogyakarta. The character of Javanese gamelan music is limited to the characteristics of the frequency and the sound level. The methods of this research are observation for data gathering, model circulation and data comparison. The data collected are primary and secondary data. Primary data are building materials, activities and layout while secondary data are the sketch and cuts of Bangsal Srimanganti. All the data became the materials of simulation using ECOTECT 2011 Software. This simulation yielded data such as ray diagram and reverberation time in different frequency. The variations of reverberation time are compared between the original model with the empty model only using column and multi beam frame. The comparison was conducted with the assistance of SPSS Software with the reliability level up to 95% and the tolerance level of 5%. The comparison is seen from the value of significance and correlation. This research found that Javanese building treated the sound by bouncing and diffusing it. In addition, the research found that Tumpangsari and column are equally significant element in treating Javanese acoustic sound. However, Tumpangsari has higher values of correlation compared to the column. Thus, this research enhanced the importance of rethinking about traditional architecture knowledge from the perspective of building science and technology.