Bi-orifice approach to nasal intubation in children: A case series of anticipated difficult airways undergoing orthognathic surgeries

摘要

Highlights ? Craniofacial syndromes are defined by abnormal anatomy. ? Some craniofacial syndromes are associated with difficult or impossible intubation. ? Anatomical differences and emotional immaturity make airway management of children with craniofacial syndromes challenging. ? Nasal intubation is often required for surgical exposure during craniofacial procedures.