EUROPE-The European Petroleum Industry Association (Europia) has published a "White Paper on Fueling EU Transport" in which it uses research by its oil company members, which include ExxonMobil and BPalong with other industry groups-to suggest the best way of meeting the EU's targeted 80% reduction in carbon emissions by 2050. The oil industry lobby group urges a sectoral approach to emissions reduction alongside the use of well-to-wheel (or in aviation's case well-to-wing) and cost of carbon abatement analyses. For aviation, Europia uses International Air Transport Association (IATA) research to suggest fleet renewals and retrofits will lead to a 25%-35% reduction in carbon emissions per seat or per ton kilometer by 2020 alongside a very limited role for low-carbon fuels, namely hydrotreated vegetable oil and biomass-to-liquids fuels (JFI Feb.21,p1). The lobby group also urges the EU to redress Europe's growing diesel-gasoline imbalance as part of its wider emissions-reduction efforts, arguing that diesel should be taxed more heavily to reflect the increased emissions from refining associated with making it. Europe is increasingly dependent on jet, diesel and heating oil imports while at the same time having to export loss-making gasoline to the US and West Africa.
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