This paper develops climate-responsefunctions for sensitive market sectors in the UnitedStates' economy using two empirical methods. Theexperimental approach constructs a process-based impactmodel from the results of controlled experiments.Reduced-form equations can be estimated from the modelresponses to multiple climate scenarios. The cross-sectional approach response functions directly fromempirical evidence in the field. Both methods indicatethat agriculture, forestry, and energy have a hill-shaped relationship to temperature. Precipitation,sealevel rise, and carbon dioxide are also important.
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