Studying take off distances is not enough to evaluate the disturbances to birds in coastal area

摘要

Take off distance has long been considered as a key element in measuring the level of disturbance of wild species in their natural habitat. Nonetheless it appears that the approach distance plays an important part in preparing the birds to take off as soon as they spot a predator. In the case of a human induced disturbance, it has been shown that some species have a stronger reaction to a group that a single person. Take off distance also varies with the size of the flock. A drive effect can be noted between different species and it is not possible no find differences between hunted and protected species, even on nature reserve where they are all protected. These measures should enable a better management of protected coastal habitats.