Predation pressure on the hatching of the Kentish plover (Charadrius alexandrinus) in clutch protection projects: a case study in north Portugal

摘要

Context. The decline of Kentish plover (Charadrius alexandrinus) populations is related to a great variety of factors, including habitat loss, predators and human activities. In particular, predators have been identified as the main factor of low hatching success in many areas. However, few manipulative experiments have addressed this issue.