Clinical Outcomes of Maxillary Anterior Postextraction Socket Implants with Immediate Provisional Restorations Using a Novel Macro-Hybrid Implant Design: An 18-to 24-Month Single-Cohort Prospective Study

摘要

Extraction and immediate implant placement/restoration in the esthetic zone is clinically challenging; benefits include fewer surgical appointments and maintenance of peri-implant soft tissues throughout the treatment period, and limitations include gingival recession and bone dehiscence during surgery. Macrohybrid implants (large-diameter apical/narrow-diameter occlusal) were placed in 19 patients immediately following the extraction of hopeless maxillary anterior teeth. Immediate restorations were fabricated without occlusal contacts. Pre- and postplacement cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were taken. Nineteen implants were available for recall 13 to 25 months postoperatively. The overall implant cumulative survival rate was 100% (range: 13 to 25 months, mean: 19 months), and mean insertion torque value was 65 Ncm. Mean Pink Esthetic Score was 12.63 at 6 months, and was 13 at the 18- to 24-month follow-up. Mean mesial and distal tooth-to-implant distances immediately after implant placement were 2.55 +/- 1.29 mm and 2.29 +/- 0.82 mm, respectively. Interproximal bone crest width, distance, and height were maintained at implant platforms, mesially and distally, 18 to 24 months postoperative. The results of this study indicated that the macro-hybrid implant geometry for this immediate surgical/restorative protocol provided excellent and stable 2-year results relative to implant survival (100%), labial plate thickness via CBCT evaluations, tooth-to-implant distances immediately post-implant placement, PES, and interproximal bone crest width, distance, and heights, which were maintained at the implant platforms.