Fear, stress and pain— what about nausea?

摘要

The veterinary profession is trying to make the hospital experience better for our furry friends. In the last decade, prevention of patient discomfort has received increasingly more attention in veterinary medicine. Stress-free handling techniques andfear-reduction protocols for dogs and cats are sweeping the nation. Pain management in our veterinary patients is a routine topic in lectures, workshops and symposia. Pain scoring systems and pain management standards have been developed and have become standards of care.