Shock Initiation Microscopy with High Time and Space Resolution

Bassett Will P.; Johnson Belinda P.; Salvati Lawrence; Nissen Erin J.; Bhowmick Mithun; Dlott Dana D.

摘要

Abstract >We describe studies of shock initiation and shock‐to‐detonation transitions in energetic materials using a tabletop shock compression microscope with nanosecond time resolution and micrometer spatial resolution. Planar input shocks with durations of 4–20?ns are produced using 0–4.5?km/s laser‐launched flyer plates. Emphasis is on measurements of temperature, velocities, pressure, and microstructure using photon Doppler velocimetry (PDV), optical pyrometry and high‐speed videography. Techniques are discussed for fabricating disposable shock target arrays of tiny plastic‐bonded explosives (PBX), liquid and powder explosives, and single‐crystal explosives for high‐throughput studies. Optical temperature measurements of shocked triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB) are discussed. Since TATB is yellow, we developed methods to correct for the blue absorption to obtain more accurate temperatures. Hot spots in shocked polymer‐encased HMX (octahydro‐1,3,5,7‐tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetrazocine) crystals are observed in real‐time, showing a hot spot produced in a collapsing void that ignites a deflagration. Despite the small dimensions of our explosive charges (typically 1?mm diameter and 250?μm length), we produced reproducible detonation states in solid and liquid explosives using short‐duration shocks near the von Neumann spike (VNS) pressure. We show the VNS pressure is associated with a transition to high‐efficiency gas production from the explosives. In studies of NM, prior to detonation, we see reaction originating at hot spots which coalesce to form a superdetonation. </abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><Abstract Type =“Main”XML：Lang =“en”> <标题类型=“main”>抽象</ title> 我们使用具有纳秒时间分辨率和千分尺空间分辨率的桌面冲击压缩显微镜来描述高能材料中休克启动和冲击爆震过渡的研究。使用0-4.5 km / s激光发射的传单板生产持续4-20的平面输入冲击。重点是使用光子多普勒速度（PDV），光学热测定和高速摄像机测量温度，速度，压力和微观结构。讨论了制造微小塑性炸药（PBX），液体和粉末炸药的一次性冲击靶阵列和用于高通量研究的单晶炸药的技术。讨论了震动三胺丙烯硝基苯（TATB）的光学温度测量。由于TATB为黄色，我们开发了纠正蓝色吸收的方法，以获得更准确的温度。实时观察震动聚合物包裹的HMX（八烷基-1,3,5,7-四氨基-1,3,5,7-四茴香胺）晶体的热点，显示出点燃的坍塌空隙中产生的热点爆燃。尽管我们爆炸性电荷的尺寸小（通常为1？mm直径和250μm长度），但我们使用von Neumann Spike（VNS）压力附近的短持续时间冲击产生固体和液体炸药的可重复爆炸状态。我们展示VNS压力与从炸药到高效气体生产的过渡相关。在爆炸之前NM的研究中，我们看到源自热斑的反应，该热点将形成超透明度。</ p> </摘要> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-29946/'>《Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2020年第2期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共13页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Bassett Will P.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Bassett Will P.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Johnson Belinda P.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Johnson Belinda P.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Salvati Lawrence&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Salvati Lawrence;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Nissen Erin J.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Nissen Erin J.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Bhowmick Mithun&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Bhowmick Mithun;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Dlott Dana D.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Dlott Dana D.;</a> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> <p>Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory7000 East Ave Livermore CA 94550 USA;</p> <p>School of Chemical Sciences and Fredrick Seitz Materials Research LaboratoryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbana IL 61801 USA;</p> <p>School of Chemical Sciences and Fredrick Seitz Materials Research LaboratoryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbana IL 61801 USA;</p> <p>School of Chemical Sciences and Fredrick Seitz Materials Research LaboratoryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbana IL 61801 USA;</p> <p>School of Chemical Sciences and Fredrick Seitz Materials Research LaboratoryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbana IL 61801 USA;</p> <p>School of Chemical Sciences and Fredrick Seitz Materials Research LaboratoryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbana IL 61801 USA;</p> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/1837.html" title="爆炸物工业、火柴工业">爆炸物工业、火柴工业;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=shock compression&option=203" rel="nofollow">shock compression;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=imaging&option=203" rel="nofollow">imaging;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=pyrometry&option=203" rel="nofollow">pyrometry;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=molecular explosives&option=203" rel="nofollow">molecular explosives;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=velocimetry&option=203" rel="nofollow">velocimetry;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：冲击压缩;成像;热尺寸;分子炸药;速度; 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