The evolution of pre-zygotic reproductive isolation is a key step in the process of speciation. In many organisms, particularly insects, chemical labels are used as pheromones for species-specific mate recognition. Although an enormous body of knowledge exists regarding the patterns of pheromone chemical ecology, much less is known about the evolutionary processes that underlie the origin of new mating pheromones. Here, we examine case studies that have illuminated the origins of species-specific mating pheromones and suggest future directions for productive research.
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