The Influence of Biorganic Fertilizers on Productivity and Quality of Vegetables in the System of 'Green' Vegetable Farming in the Conditions of the South-East of Kazakhstan

摘要

The purpose of the research was to study an influence of biofertilizers and new types of biological products for the yield and quality of vegetables in the South-East of Kazakhstan. In Kazakhstan, organic farming began to develop after the adoption ofthe Act "On Organic farming" in 2015. The development of "green" technologies is very important for the production of organic vegetable products in the country. The goal is the scientific provision of organic vegetable farming in Kazakhstan. Methods ofresearch are classical, generally accepted in vegetable growing, agrichemistry and soil science. The studies on "green" agritechnologies in the vegetable farming of Kazakhstan are conducted for the first time, which determines their relevance and scientific novelty. The aim of the research was to study an influence of local organic fertilizers and new types of biofertilizers while growing the most popular vegetable crops (cabbage, cucumber, tomato) and replace chemical fertilizers by them in the condition of the South-East of Kazakhstan. Also, development of an alternative biological system for the fertilization of vegetable crops by using local organic fertilizers and biopreparations. It was experimented that all types of organic fertilizers and biopreparations ensure a sufficiently large yield of vegetables. It is noted that some organic fertilizers are more effective than mineral fertilizers. The bioorganic fertilizers positively influenced the quality of vegetables, so that the content of dry substances, sugars and vitamins increased in the production. The conclusion was made on the possibility of using local organic fertilizers and new biopreparations available to farmers of the country for growing organic vegetables. Depending on the types of organic fertilizers and biopreparations, the yield of cabbage increased by 15.2-47.2%, cucumber by 17.4-88.7% and tomato by 14.4-47.1%. Moreover, an improvement of the quality indicators of vegetables also showed in the crops.