The tire tread compounding process typically starts by breaking down polymers (elastomers) in an internal mixer, sometimes with the aid of peptizer additives. The outcome of this initial stage is the reduction of polymer molecular weight. This step is then followed by the addition of plasticizers, carbon black or silica, and oils. The third step typically involves the addition of the balance of fillers and antioxidant, while the last step concludes with the addition of vulcanization components to complete the compound formulation.
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