Construction of electrochemical DNA biosensors for investigation of potential risk chemical and physical agents

摘要

Biosensors are used specifically to the determination of given analytes as well as investigation of chemical interactions of surface attached biomolecules such as DNA including their structural damage. The successful function and utilization of the biosensor depends on selection of building parts (biomolecule, transducer, nanostructured interface, labels, and others), its construction tailored for a given purpose as well as arrangement of the measurement experiment (batch and flow-through system, non-invasive sensors, etc.). This review is focused on novel and perspective building components, construction ways and detection techniques used at the electrochemical DNA based biosensors applied to recognition, detection, and characterization on a molecular level of chemical compounds and physical factors (chemicals, drugs, pollutants, engineered nanomaterials, and radiation) exhibiting risk effects towards morphological changes of the DNA structure.