Superradiant emission from colour centres in diamond

摘要

Superradiance is a fundamental collective effect where radiation is amplified by the coherence of multiple emitters(1). Superradiance plays a prominent role in optics (where it enables the design of lasers with substantially reduced linewidths(2,3)) and quantum mechanics(4), and is even used to explain cosmological observations such as Hawking radiation from black holes(5). Resonators coupled to spin ensembles(6-8) are promising future building blocks of integrated quantum devices that will involve superradiance. As such, it is important to study its fundamental properties within such devices. Although experiments in the strong-coupling regime have shown oscillatory behaviour in these systems(9,10), a clear signature of Dicke superradiance has so far been missing. Here we explore superradiance in a system composed of a three-dimensional lumped element resonator in the fast cavity limit inductively coupled to an inhomogeneously broadened ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy centres. We observe a superradiant pulse being emitted a trillion times faster than the decay for an individual nitrogen-vacancy centre. This is further confirmed by the nonlinear scaling of the emitted radiation intensity with respect to the ensemble size. Our work provides the foundation for future quantum technologies including solidstate superradiant masers(2) .