Strategies for developing sensitive and specific nanoparticle-based lateral flow assays as point-of-care diagnostic device

摘要

From a home-based pregnancy self-testing kit, lateral flow assays (LFAs) have proliferated and gained widespread utilization as point-of-care (POC) test kits. Their prevalence is due to their portability, rapid time-to-result, simplicity, stability, and cost-effectiveness. LFAs are well-suited for early detection of infectious diseases, which threatens public health and the economy, enabling timely medical intervention, and management of disease and treatment. This is vital for rural and resource-limited settings where well-equipped laboratories with well-trained personnel are scarce. Nevertheless, LFAs have certain limitations, such as moderate sensitivity and target throughput, as compared to lab-based technologies. Also, the development of LFA, although well-defined, is not straightforward. In this review article, we will elucidate the iterative process of LFA development, and discuss strategies for generating sensitive and specific capture/detector agents, multiplexed detection and signal amplification.