One-pot compositional and structural regeneration of degraded LiCoO(2)for directly reusing it as a high-performance lithium-ion battery cathode

摘要

Recycling spent cathodes from Li-ion batteries (LIBs) is an appealing route to address environmental issues and resource shortage, but is plagued by effective and simple recycling techniques. Current recycling technologies generally involve multi-steps such as acid leaching, precipitation, smelting, or solid-state sintering, and obtained products possess inferior electrochemical properties. The current work explores a new regeneration method for failed LiCoO(2)cathode material. The electrochemical performance of LiCoO(2)is fully recovered through a single thermal-chemical treatment of spent LiCoO(2)in molten LiOH-KOH-Li(2)CO(3)under air atmosphere. The molten salt mixture presents suitable dissolving capacity, homogeneous thermal circumstance, abundant Li+, and high ion diffusion rate to decompose impurities, compensate for Li(+)deficiency, and repair damaged structure through a "dissolution-recrystallization" mechanism. Under the optimized reaction temperature of 500 degrees C, the regenerated LiCoO(2)possessed similar stoichiometric composition and crystalline structure of commercial LiCoO2. Importantly, the discharge capacity of spent LiCoO(2)was recovered from 68.3 mA h g(-1)to 144.5 mA h g(-1), reaching the original level of commercial LiCoO2. Besides, the regenerated LiCoO(2)also delivered superior cycling of 92.5% capacity retention after 200 cycles and excellent rate performance. This work presents an effective and extendable approach to regenerate spent cathode materials to retrieve their electrochemical performance.