Spark Plasma Sintering of Special-Purpose Functional Ceramics Based on UO2, ZrO2, Fe3O4/-Fe2O3

摘要

The possibilities of creating special-purpose ceramics by the spark plasma sintering (SPS) according to the principle of the low-voltage electro-pulse consolidation of powders under the conditions of an external mechanical load is investigated. Ceramics applicable in the nuclear, medical, and electrotechnical industries are fabricated. A methodological description and special features of the presented technique are provided for the first time in terms of fabricating nuclear ceramics in the form of a pellet product of UO2; composite bioceramics with a theoretical density exceeding 97.6% (based on ZrO2 doped by hydroxyapatite) characterized with controlled (meso-, macro-) porosity and a high compression strength of similar to 400 MPa; and magnetic ceramics resistant to reverse magnetization based on nanostructured iron oxides (Fe3O4/-Fe2O3) with a saturation magnetization of 50 emu/g.