Background values of gold, potentially toxic elements and emerging high-tech critical elements in surface water collected in a remote northern European environment

摘要

A geochemical surfacewater survey, focused on 2nd and 3rd order streams, was carried out in the Oppdal/Berkal area in Norway. Stream water was collected at 168 sample sites, covering a 1500-km(2) survey area. Electrical conductivity, pH, alkalinity and temperature were recorded in the field. Electrical conductivity and pH were also determined once more in the laboratory. The cations Br, Cl, F, NO2, NO3, PO4 and SO4 were determined by ion-chromatography (IC) on unacidified, laboratory filtered samples. Inductively coupled plasma quadrupole mass spectrometry (ICP-QMS) was used to analyse field filtered and acidified samples for 63 elements. In addition, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) was used to determine 27 elements.