Influence of pedo-climatic conditions on the quality of Iris pallida rhizomes

摘要

The rhizomes of Iris pallida, known as orris root, are an important source of essential oils for the perfume industry and of the powder used for making gins and cordials. Rhizomes contain irones, ketone compounds formed from iridals during post-harvest ageing. Iris pallida is cultivated in Europe, mainly in Italy and France, and in Morocco and India. The Italian product is highly sought after due to its qualitative characteristics. Little is known about the influence of pedo-climatic conditions on the quality of the cultivated rhizomes. Our investigation was carried out in the Iris pallida cultivation area of Tuscany (Italy) and intended to assess the possible relationship between the chemical profile of iridals, the climate, and soil properties. Seven farms were selected based on the significance of the cultivated surface, i.e., minimum area of 0.3 ha, and the proximity to the weather stations. A climate survey was conducted. Soil was analysed for the main physico-chemical characteristics and rhizomes for the content of iridals.