Studying the technology and methods of increasing the yield of cultivated plants on strongly saline soils

摘要

The work is aimed at studying, development and testing the technology of obtaining humic products and soil-conservation methods for increasing the yield of cultivated plants on low-productivity soils, and rational use of physiologically active sodiumhumate obtained from lignite, along with other integrated and differentiated agricultural practices. Based on the data obtained from studying energy capacity of aqueous solutions of humic products, biophysical monitoring and adjustment of main technological parameters, a technology of processing seeds of various crops has been proposed. The results of testing an experimental sample of the preparation, and the agricultural practices are shown for various types of low-productivity soils in arid zones of the Republic. Using the method of biotesting, optimal concentrations of aqueous solutions of humic preparation for the treatment of agricultural seeds, optimal technological parameters of preparing seeds for sowing (duration of treatment with humic preparation, selected seeds, etc.), and optimal conditions of sowing seeds into the soil (humidity, substrate, temperature, salinity) have been determined. As a result, efficiency of the preparation obtained according to the developed technology has been determined on low productivity soils with the salinity level of 0.8-2.2%. Increase in the yield of grain crops reaches 24.2-42.1%, rice - 76.2-78.6%, and soybeans - 34.8%.