Social and familial stress factors in forensic-psychiatric inpatients A retrospective examination (2001-2014) of biographical stressors in four psychiatric disorders

摘要

The relationship between social and familial stress factors and four major diagnostic groups (addiction, schizophrenia, personality disorder and intellectual disability) was examined on the basis of a retrospective analysis of 270 medical records of the Department of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychotherapy of Ulm University at Gunzburg District Hospital in Germany. About half of all patients (49 %) had experienced childhood violence (n =120). Patients with a personality disorder were significantly more likely to report physical and sexual violence, patients with intellectual disability were significantly more likely to report having experienced physical violence in childhood and being placed in foster care at least temporarily. The majority of patients grew up at least temporarily with both parents (n = 229, 86%). Patients with a substance use disorder were more likely to have fathers who also had a substance use disorder, patients with a schizophrenic disorder frequently had fathers with a schizophrenic disorder, and offenders with intellectual disability often had mothers with addictions. There was no association between the diagnosis of a patient and the legal history of a family member. There were significant differences between the four diagnostic groups in terms of the familial and social stress factors studied. The sample consisted mainly of patients with addiction, no women were included and some of the information was self-reported.