Hydrological simple water balance modeling for increasing geographically isolated doline wetland functions and its application to climate change

摘要

In this study, we investigate the hydro-meteorological and hydro-geomorphological factors that influence the formation of wetlands in the doline. To this end, a set of ordinary differential equations are drawn to represent hydrological responses to hydro-meteorological forcings in wetland catchments and wetlands. The relative influence of hydro-meteorological forcings and hydro-geomorphological parameters on hydrological circulation in wetlands is explored through simple water balance models that reflect key hydrological processes in wetland catchments and wetlands. Among the hydro-geomorphological parameters of wetland catchments, the surface runoff coefficient have been found to play the most important role in determining inflow into wetlands. Among the hydro-geomorphological parameters of wetlands, we found that the relative size of the wetland area to the surrounding wetland catchment area and the exfiltration capacity at the wetland bottom have a significant effect on the formation and persistence of the doline wetland. These findings suggest that in-depth management of surface runoff in wetland catchments and the prevention of wetland bottom damage are critical for the conservation of doline wetlands. In addition, it is found that rainfall in doline wetlands in Korea has a much greater influence on wetland hydrological circulation than potential evapotranspiration. It is analyzed that the seasonality of rainfall has the greatest effect on wetland formation and persistence under general hydro-geomorphological conditions due to the nature of monsoon climate in Korea. Applying various future climate change scenario ensembles, it is projected that general doline wetlands will not be significantly affected by future climate change. However, it is revealed that doline wetlands, which are in a relatively good environment, are likely to be sensitive to future climatic conditions.