Natural radioactivity in ceramic tiles and associated radiological hazards

摘要

Background: The natural radioactivity levels in ceramic tiles produced in Turkey were determined and the related radiological hazards were assessed. Materials and Methods: The natural radioactivity levels (~226Ra, ~232Th and ~40K) in the ceramic tiles were measured using high-purity germanium detector system (HPGe) and the related radiological hazards were assessed by radium equivalent activity (Raeq), external hazard index (Hex), representative level index (ly), absorbed dose rate (D) and annual effective dose (AED).