Protecting biodiversity by developing bio-jobs: a multi-branch analysis with an illustration using French data

摘要

We refer to jobs that promote biodiversity as bio-jobs. These jobs are located in a small number of sectors generally linked to natural resources: naturalist research, forestry, public works, water and waste management, etc. In this article, we examine two economic policies favouring the development of these bio-jobs. The government can support demand in sectors with bio-jobs through public procurement or can develop them through targeted exemptions. The most effective and relevant combination of these instruments is investigated via an original framework. We show that the government's action is driven by the nature of the sectors and especially by the level of any existing private demand. Then, the level of the wages plays a major role in the government's budget decision. Finally, we apply these recommendations to French data.