How Short Is Short, and Why? A Probable Case of Proportionate Dwarfism From Egypt's Third Intermediate Period in the Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt

Molto J. E.; Kirkpatrick C. L.

摘要

Abstract >This study describes a probable proportionate dwarf from a Third Intermediate Period cemetery at Ain Tirghi in the Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt. The skeleton (Burial 22 or B22) is an adult woman estimated to be in her mid‐to‐late thirties. Most medical literature defines an adult stature of 2 standard deviations below the population mean as an indicator for clinically short stature, with some bioarchaeologists and clinicians identifying severe short stature at 3 standard deviations below the population mean. B22 satisfies either criteria when compared with the Ain Tirghi adult female population mean for measurements of the radii and femora, as well as the summed measurements of the femora and tibiae. Her limb proportions were normal, and this, with a lack of morphological abnormalities, eliminated several possible causes of small stature (e.g. achondroplasia). The differential diagnosis for an individual with short stature and normal proportions indicates that she represents a probable case of pituitary dwarfism or hypopituitarism. B22 was buried in the same fashion as adjacent burials in a family group burial and showed no differential indication of physiological stress or illness. Contextualised with the Egyptological and archaeological evidence of dwarfism in Egypt, this case study considers the social perceptions of dwarfism in ancient Egypt and suggests that pituitary dwarfs, like disproportionate dwarfs, likely led normal, if not privileged lives. Therefore, according to the social theory of disability, B22 was not necessarily disabled despite her impairment. Copyright ? 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. </abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><Abstract XMLNS =“http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/wiley”type =“main”xml：lang =“en”> <标题类型=“main”>抽象</ title> 本研究描述了埃及达赫勒·绿洲达赫勒·蒂尔的第三个中间墓地的可能比例矮人。骨架（埋葬22或B22）是一个估计在她到迟到的三十年代中期的成年女性。大多数医学文献定义了2个标准偏差的成年身高，低于人口的平均值，作为临床矮房的指标，一些生物学学家和临床医生在3个标准偏差下识别严重的矮小状态。与AIN tirghi成年女性群相比，B22满足了标准的任何标准，用于测量半径和股骨，以及股骨和胫骨的总结测量。她的肢体比例是正常的，这对于缺乏形态异常，消除了几种可能的小身材原因（例如achondrocloscaSia）。具有矮小状态和正常比例的个体的差异诊断表明她代表了垂体矮主义或低钠梗死的案例。 B22以与家庭团体埋葬的相邻墓葬相同的方式埋葬，并且没有差异指示生理压力或疾病。与埃及侏儒症的埃及和考古证据有语境化，这种情况研究考虑了北部埃及侏儒症的社会看法，并认为垂体矮人，如不成比例的矮人，如果没有特权的生活，可能会导致正常情况。因此，根据障碍的社会理论，尽管她的损害，B22并不一定禁用。版权？ 2017年John Wiley＆amp; SONS，LTD。</ p> </摘要> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-21570/'>《International journal of osteoarchaeology》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2018年第1期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共15页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Molto J. E.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Molto J. E.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Kirkpatrick C. L.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Kirkpatrick C. L.;</a> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> <p>Department of AnthropologyUniversity of Western OntarioLondon Ontario Canada;</p> <p>Department of AnthropologyUniversity of Western OntarioLondon Ontario Canada;</p> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/140.html" title="文物考古">文物考古;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=diagnostic criteria&option=203" rel="nofollow">diagnostic criteria;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=disability studies&option=203" rel="nofollow">disability studies;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=hypopituitarism&option=203" rel="nofollow">hypopituitarism;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=limb proportions&option=203" rel="nofollow">limb proportions;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=pituitary dwarf&option=203" rel="nofollow">pituitary dwarf;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=short stature&option=203" rel="nofollow">short stature;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=social model of disability&option=203" rel="nofollow">social model of disability;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：诊断标准;残疾研究;低钠劳动力;肢体比例;垂体矮人;矮小的身材矮小;残疾社会模式; </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="literature cardcommon"> <div class="similarity "> <h3 class="all_title" id="enpatent66">相似文献</h3> <div class="similaritytab clearfix"> <ul> <li class="active" >外文文献</li> <li >中文文献</li> <li >专利</li> </ul> </div> <div class="similarity_details"> <ul > <li> <div> <b>1. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/journal-foreign-detail/0704023047972.html">How Short Is Short, and Why? 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TRANSFORMING ABANDONED CULTIVATION LAND INTO FARMLAND IN SHORT PERIOD, AND METHOD OF UTILIZING CONTAMINATED SOIL FOR FARMLAND</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 外国专利：  JP2016044088A </span> <span> . 2016-04-04</span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：短期内产生堆肥的方法，短期内将废弃耕地转变为农田的方法以及为农田利用污染土壤的方法 </span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>2. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/patent-detail/06130421762486.html">Method for operating vehicle e.g. hybrid vehicle, involves setting switch of one bridge branch of quasi-Z-source inverter such that outputs are shorted together in one time period and not short-circuited in another time period</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 外国专利：  DE102010052808A1 </span> <span> . 2012-05-31</span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：用于操作车辆的方法，例如混合动力汽车，涉及设置准Z源逆变器的一个桥支的开关，以使输出在一个时间段内一起短路，而在另一时间段内不短路 </span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>3. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/patent-detail/06130431891035.html">PLL WITH SHORT PERIOD OF STABILIZING AND METHOD FOR STABILIZING THE FREQUENCY AND PHASE WITH SHORT PERIOD</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 外国专利：  KR20080083947A </span> <span> . 2008-09-19</span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：具有稳定期的PLL和具有稳定期的频率和相位的方法 </span> </p> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="theme cardcommon" style="overflow: auto;display:none"> <h3 class="all_title" id="enpatent55">相关主题</h3> <ul id="subject"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="right rightcon"> <div class="details_img cardcommon clearfix" style="margin-bottom: 10px;display:none;" > </div> </div> </div> <div id="thesis_get_original1" class="downloadBth" style="bottom: 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