Transforming growth factor 1 promotes migration and invasion in HepG2 cells: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via JAK/STAT3 signaling

摘要

Transforming growth factor 1 (TGF1) is a cytokine with multiple functions. TGF1 significantly induces migration and invasion of liver cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is crucial for the development of invasion and metastasis in human cancers. The aim of the present study was to determine whether TGF1-induced EMT promoted migration and invasion in HepG2 cells. The underlying mechanism and the effect of EMT on HepG2 cells were also investigated. The results demonstrated that TGF1 may induce EMT to promote migration and invasion of HepG2 cells, and this effect depends on activation of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK/STAT3) signaling pathway. JAK/STAT3 signaling is involved in human malignancies, including lung cancer, and is implicated in cell transformation, tumorigenicity, EMT and metastasis. In the present study, TGF1 also activated JAK/STAT3 signaling in HepG2 cells and promoted Twist expression, but these events were abolished by treatment with the STAT3 inhibitor AG490. Additionally, Twist siRNA blocked TGF1-induced EMT. Thus, TGF1 was shown to induce EMT, thereby promoting the migration and invasion of HepG2 cells via JAK/STAT3/Twist signaling.