Biosecurity is a general term that includes three major aspects: bio-exclusion, the prevention of any outside agent from entering a production animal operation; bio-management, the activities implemented to prevent agents from spreading within a facility (including the use of vaccines); and bio-containment, the protocols that prevent bacteria and viruses from spreading outside of the facility, even when their presence is unknown.Bio-containment is probably the most difficult aspect to implement, and the one that is most often forgotten (Fig. 1).
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