Energy justification of parameters of hydroamelioration systems at the development of wetland landscapes of Western Siberia

摘要

The modern technology of design, construction and operation of hydroamelioration systems, intended ultimately to obtain stable and high yields of agricultural crops, must be energy-saving, that ensures minimum expenditures of aggregate energy for obtaining a unit of production. In the conditions of an unstable economic situation, when the cost of growing perennial grasses on drained peat soils within even one region, Western Siberia, differs significantly, it is rather difficult to determine the economic efficiency of the hydroamelioration systems and their parameters with sufficient reliability. Today one way to give an objective assessment is a calculation of bioenergy efficiency, based on the implementation of bioenergy coefficients independent of the influence of economic factors. It is important because after analyzing the bioenergy calculations, it becomes possible to optimize separate and the most energy-intensive technological stages of the creation of hydroamelioration systems. Bioenergy estimation is carried out according to the indicators characterizing the object, technology, technological process and final product. These indicators includes the aggregate energy expenditure in the process of construction of amelioration systems, its' production, technological energy intensity, energy returned (useful energy content), the bioenergy efficiency coefficient of the technological process, which is assessed by the bioenergy yield of the final product [1]. From the point of view of bioenergy such a technology is advantageous, which provides the maximum output of energy in production per unit of aggregated energy input [1]. The ratio of energy, contained in the product, to the aggregate energy input is determined by the bioenergy efficiency coefficient. For this, it is necessary to optimize the interaction of natural and artificial energy flows [2]. The use of bioenergy coefficients, which do not depends on environmental factors and economic aspects, gives a possibility to objectively assess the effectiveness of drainage technologies of amelioration.