Olivine-bearing lithologies on the Moon: Constraints on origins and transport mechanisms from M 3 spectroscopy, radiative transfer modeling, and GRAIL crustal thickness

摘要

Highlights?Olivine on the rim of Crisium Basin and Picard crater may be mantle derived (e.g., primary mantle or differentiated impact melt).?Small craters on Mare Nectaris exposed a buried layer of olivine-rich mare basalt.?At Humorum Basin, olivine exposures within a graben suggest a dike source.?Near Roche crater, small impacts likely excavated olivine-rich intrusions.AbstractHigh-resolution hyperspectral data from Chandrayaan-1’s Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) allow detection of olivine on the lunar surface. Olivine exposed at the surface may originate as mantle material or igneous products (intrusive or extrusive). Potential transport mechanisms include excavation of the mantle or lower crustal material by impacts that form basins and complex craters, differentiation of impact melt sheets, or magmatic emplacement of lavas, cum