HPV Prevalence and its Association with Perinatal Outcomes among Singleton Mothers: Analysis of Pregnancy Risk Assessment and Monitoring System (PRAMS) Data, 2004-2011

摘要

Background: Pregnancy may increase the risk of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infectionbecause of pregnancy induced immune suppression. The objective of this study was to use alarge population-based dataset to estimate the prevalence of HPV infection and its association withadverse outcomes among pregnant women.Methods: We analyzed Pregnancy Risk Monitoring System data from 2004-2011 (N=26,085)to estimate the self-reported HPV infection. Survey logistic procedures were used to examine therelationship between HPV infection and adverse perinatal outcomes.Results: Approximately 1.4% of women were estimated to have HPV infection during their pregnancy.The prevalence of adverse outcomes in this sample was preterm birth (8.4%), preeclampsia(7.5%), low birth weight (6.3%) and premature rupture of membranes (2.8%). Compared to womenwithout HPV infection, HPV infection positive women were much more likely to have had otherinfections such as chlamydia (9.23% vs. 2.12%, p-value <.0001), Group B Strep (21.7% vs.10.04%, p-value <.0001), and herpes (7.17% vs. 1.07%, p-value <.0001). After adjusting for otherrisk factors including other infections, HPV infection was significantly associated with low birthweight (OR: 1.94, 95% CI: 1.14-3.30).Conclusion: The study indicated a potential association between HPV infection and low birthweight. Because pregnant women with HPV infection are at higher risk of other infections, futureresearch may focus on the roles of co-infection in the development of adverse perinatal effects.