Biodiversity of Bacillus thuringiensis strains in the phylloplane and soil of lower silesia region (Poland)

摘要

Distribution and diversity of Bacillus thuringiensis in the phylloplane of the Karkonosze National Park (part of the Sudetes mountain area, Poland) was lower (5 isolates) compared to the Osola plain (vicinity of Wroclaw) which gave 21 novel variants. They were isolated from 7 out of 9 examined species of deciduous and coniferous trees. Nearly half (12 out of 26) plant isolates were obtained from the leaves of Fagus sylvatica (3 in the Karkonosze mountains, and 4 in the Osola area) and Quercus robur(5 isolates in Osola). The remaining tree species (Sorbus aucuparia, Acer pseudoplatanus, Picea abies and Pinus silvestris) each harboured 3 B. thuringiensis strains. None were found on Betula pendula and Pinus mugo. The 26 plant isolates, differentiated into 5 subspecies groups based on biochemical characters, were more heterogeneous in crystal morphology than 33 soil strains. Most of the soil strains (29 isolated under beech trees and belonging to Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies japonensis, yoso, and jinghongiensis) formed bipyramidal crystals which were toxic against lepidopterous pests.