FYZIKáLNE VLASTNOSTI ORNEJ PDY ZMENENEJ NA LESNú S PORASTOM INTRODUKOVANYCH KRYPTOMéRIí JAPONSKYCH

摘要

The aim of the work was to determine the differences in physical properties between land on which introduced Japanese cedar has been grown for 41 years (land had been used as arable till year 1960) and arable land which has been intensively used for crop production. First soil pit was located under cedar growth in Arboretum and second one on arable land near to Arboretum. Morphological characteristics and physical properties were detected in soil pits. Soil profiles differed in horizons thickness, homogenization, colour, rooting. Homogenization of ploughing layer of former arable land under cedars was not detectable, therefore the soil was classified as Stagni-Haplic Luvisol. Both profiles exceeded the critical values of bulk density and porosity, thus they were compacted. The volume of non-capillary pores (PN) was lower in the whole profile of arable land. In the topsoil, the average volume of PN was 6.2 %, in the Btg and Btg/C horizons it reached 1 % and 2.5%. In the layer 0.2 - 0.4 m, PN were completely reduced. In the Au horizon under cedars the PN volume was 14.7% and in Btg horizon 5.8 % despite the clayey-loam texture. Arable soil has a larger volume of available water capacity. Soil structure of ploughing layer was very unstable and contained 40.8 % of microaggregates, in topsoil under cedars it was 30.6 %. The results showed that the soil physical properties did not significantly improve after 41 years (consider soil texture) since the soil under cedars had stopped to be used as arable.