Rootstock and scion interact to affect apple tree performance: results from the 1990 NC-140 cultivar/rootstock trial.

摘要

In 1990 (February-May), trials were established at 13 sites in the United States, using four apple cultivars (Smoothee Golden Delicious, Nicobel Jonagold, Empire, and Law Rome) in all combinations on five rootstocks (M.9 EMLA, B.9, Mark, O.3, and M.26 EMLA). After nine growing seasons, rootstock and scion cultivar interacted significantly to affect trunk cross-sectional area and yield efficiency but not yield per tree, fruit size, or tree survival. For Golden Delicious and Empire, trees on M.26 EMLA were largest, followed by those on O.3, M.9 EMLA, B.9 and Mark. Jonagold trees on M.9 EMLA were larger than those on O.3; whereas Rome trees on these two rootstocks were similar in size. M.26 EMLA resulted in the greatest yield per tree, followed by O.3, M.9 EMLA, B.9 and Mark. For Golden Delicious and Jonagold, trees on M.26 EMLA were less yield efficient than trees on the other rootstocks, and those on Mark and those on B.9 were more efficient than trees on M.9 EMLA or O.3. For Empire, trees on Markwere the most yield efficient, those on M.26 EMLA were the least efficient, and trees on B.9 and those on M.9 EMLA were more yield efficient than trees on O.3. For Rome, trees on B.9 were the most yield efficient, those on M.26 EMLA were the least efficient, and trees on B.9, Mark, and O.3 were similar. M.26 EMLA and M.9 EMLA produced the largest fruits in the ninth season, and Mark and O.3 produced the smallest ones. Fruits from trees on B.9 were intermediate between the two groups. Survival was highest in B.9, followed by M.26 EMLA, Mark, M.9 EMLA, and O.3.