Unintentional total spinal anesthesia during cervical epidural block with ropivacaine

摘要

We present a case of unintentional total spinal anesthesia, which occurred during cervical epidural block. A 34-year-old man with complex regional pain syndrome of the right upper arm was treated with epidural block at C7-T1 interspace. Immediately after test-dose injection of ropivacaine 1.5 ml, he complained of paresthesia of his upper extremities. He developed difficulty talking and breathing. Subsequently he showed a complete paralysis with the loss of consciousness, respiratory arrest, and bilateral midriasis. Mandatory ventilation was started and endotracheal tube was placed. Eighty minutes after the injection of ropivacaine, he recovered consciousness and spontaneous respiration resumed. Checking adequate ventilation, his trachea was extubated. Neurological dysfunction was not seen thereafter. Although test-dose injection is recommended especially in high-risk patients and case of difficulty of epidural space identification, it does not fully prevent complications. For cervical epidural block, local anesthetics should either be given at small doses or not be given as long as a possibility of spinal injection is remaining.