Stratosphere and lower mesosphere wind observation and gravity wave activities of the wind field in China using a mobile Rayleigh Doppler lidar

摘要

Since the mobile Rayleigh Doppler lidar of the University of Science and Technology of China was developed in 2013, more than 100 days of valid nighttime wind data from 15 to 60 km altitude were obtained during recent 3 years. The observation locations cover the northwest (midlatitude) of China: Delingha (37.371 degrees N, 97.374 degrees E), Xinzhou (38.425 degrees N, 112.729 degrees E), and Jiuquan (39.741 degrees N, 98.495 degrees E). Recently, we have extracted perturbations of the wind profiles from the wind field measurements and we have found that inertia gravity waves and mountain waves existed at the same time. The results of wind field and several gravity waves cases are shown in this paper. Typical characteristics of the gravity waves are analyzed in this midlatitude area of China. A 2-D fast Fourier transform of the wind perturbation shows that a dominant stationary wave mode and a downward wave mode exist simultaneously in the spectrum. A band-pass 2-D filter was applied to the spectrum followed by inverse fast Fourier transform to separate inertia gravity waves from stationary mountain waves. The horizontal wavelength is retrieved using hodograph methods, indicating that the inertia waves are generated thousands of kilometers away. Observed mountain waves from a combination of vertical wind and leaned line of sight wind measurements show a small-angle leaned wave front from the horizontal direction. This kind of gravity wave observation of the stratospheric wind field and its wave patterns is rare and significant for the study of atmospheric dynamics.