Prior to the guidelines issued by the University Grants Commission (UGC), New Delhi in 2009, each university followed its independent set of rules and regulations to register a research scholar after evaluation and approval by the Research Degree Committee (RDC). The candidate is also required to qualify subject-related courses besides learning research methodology and laboratory work, followed by a presentation. Some universities even had provision for one-year MPhil degree programme - a perquisiteof doctoral research. During the MPhil programme, a candidate reviews the literature, and submits a dissertation.
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