Experimental and theoretical studies of the reaction of the OH radical with alkyl sulfides: 1. Direct observations of the formation of the OH-DMS adduct-pressure dependence of the forward rate of addition and development of a predictive expression at

摘要

A pulsed laser photolysis-pulsed laser-induced fluorescence (PLP-PLIF) system was employed to study the kinetics and mechanisms of reactions (1) OH + h(6)-DMS -> products and (2) OH + d(6)-DMS -> products. We report direct observations of the rate coefficients for the formation and dissociation of the h(6)-OHDMS and d(6)-OHDMS adducts over the pressure range 50-650 Torr and between 240 and 245 K, together with measurements of the oxygen dependence of the effective rate coefficients for reactions 1 and 2 under similar conditions. The effective rate coefficients increased as a function of O-2 concentration reaching their limiting values in each case. The values of the adduct formation rate, obtained from the O-2 dependencies, were in excellent agreement with values determined from direct observation of adduct equilibration in N-2. OH regeneration is insignificant. The rate coefficients for the formation of the adduct isotopomers showed slight differences in their falloff behavior and do not approach the high-pressure limit in either case. The equilibrium constants obtained show no dependence on isotopomer and are in good agreement with previous work. A "second-law" analysis of the temperature dependence of the equilibrium constant gives an adduct bond strength (Delta H-o = -10.9 +/- 1.0 kcal mol(-1)), also in good agreement with previously reported values. Using the entropy calculated from the ab initio vibrational frequencies, we obtain a "third-law" value for the reaction enthalpy at 240 K, Delta H-240K(o) = -10.5 kcal mol(-1) in good agreement with the other approach. The rate coefficient for the reactions of the adducts with O-2 was obtained from an analysis of the O-2 dependence and was determined to be 6.3 +/- 1.2 x 10(-13) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1), with no dependence on pressure or isotopomer. The pressure and temperature dependence for all of the elementary processes in the initial steps of the dimethylsulfide (DMS) oxidation mechanism have been characterized in the range 238-245 K, allowing the formulation of an expression which can be used to calculate the effective rate coefficient for reaction 1 at any pressure and oxygen concentration. The expression can calculate the effective rate coefficient for reaction 1 to +/- 40% over the range 220-260 K, with the largest errors at the extremes of this range. Gaussian 03 has been used to calculate the structure of the OH-DMS adduct and its deuterated isotopomer. We find similar bound structures for both isotopomers. The calculated enthalpies of formation of the adducts are lower than the experimentally determined values.