Roles of the vacuum field bath in a cavity QED system beyond the Weisskopf-Wigner approximation: Coupling renormalization, off-resonance assisted feeding, and pure dephasing

摘要

We present nonperturbative treatment of the vacuum field bath for two cases, a two-level emitter (TLE) in free space and a lossy TLE coupled to a cavity mode (CM), and the condition that guarantees the validity of the perturbative treatment in both cases is studied. It is shown that the perturbative treatment in the first case is always valid for a real system. In the second case, nevertheless, the perturbative treatment ignores a coupling term, which can bring effects similar to a phonon bath, e.g., coupling renormalization, off-resonance assisted feeding, and pure dephasing inside the resonance region. All of these effects are important for understanding the experimental observations, including the far-off-resonance cavity fluorescence and the additional CM line inside the resonance region in the strong coupling regime.