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Geometry controlled anomalous diffusion in random fractal geometries: looking beyond the infinite cluster

机译:分形几何中的几何控制异常扩散:超越无限簇

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We investigate the ergodic properties of a random walker performing (anomalous) diffusion on a random fractal geometry. Extensive Monte Carlo simulations of the motion of tracer particles on an ensemble of realisations of percolation clusters are performed for a wide range of percolation densities. Single trajectories of the tracer motion are analysed to quantify the time averaged mean squared displacement (MSD) and to compare this with the ensemble averaged MSD of the particle motion. Other complementary physical observables associated with ergodicity are studied, as well. It turns out that the time averaged MSD of individual realisations exhibits non-vanishing fluctuations even in the limit of very long observation times as the percolation density approaches the critical value. This apparent non-ergodic behaviour concurs with the ergodic behaviour on the ensemble averaged level. We demonstrate how the non-vanishing fluctuations in single particle trajectories are analytically expressed in terms of the fractal dimension and the cluster size distribution of the random geometry, thus being of purely geometrical origin. Moreover, we reveal that the convergence scaling law to ergodicity, which is known to be inversely proportional to the observation time T for ergodic diffusion processes, follows a power-law similar to T-h with h < 1 due to the fractal structure of the accessible space. These results provide useful measures for differentiating the subdiffusion on random fractals from an otherwise closely related process, namely, fractional Brownian motion. Implications of our results on the analysis of single particle tracking experiments are provided.
机译:我们研究在随机分形几何上执行(异常)扩散的随机沃克的遍历特性。针对大量的渗滤密度,对渗滤团簇的整体实现了示踪剂粒子运动的广泛蒙特卡洛模拟。分析示踪剂运动的单个轨迹以量化时间平均均方位移(MSD),并将其与粒子运动的整体平均MSD进行比较。还研究了与遍历相关的其他互补物理可观察物。事实证明,随着渗透密度接近临界值,即使在很长的观察时间范围内,单个实现的时间平均MSD仍显示出无波动。这种明显的非遍历行为与整体平均水平上的遍历行为一致。我们证明了如何根据随机几何的分形维数和簇大小分布来分析性地表示单粒子轨迹的不消失的波动,因此是纯粹的几何原点。此外,我们揭示了遍历性的收敛缩放定律,已知与遍历扩散过程的观察时间T成反比,由于可及空间的分形结构,其幂律类似于Th且h <1 。这些结果为区分随机分形中的子扩散与其他密切相关的过程(即分数布朗运动)提供了有用的措施。提供了我们的结果对单粒子跟踪实验分析的启示。

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