Zinc Salt Promoted Diastereoselective Synthesis of Chiral Propargylamines Using Chiral Piperazines and Their Enantioselective Conversion into Chiral Allenes

摘要

Zinc chloride catalyzed reactions of chiral piperazine derivatives 4a–d with 1-alkynes and aldehydes give chiral propargylamines in 67–95% yields with up to 99:1 dr. The chiral propargylamines are converted into chiral allenes by using zinc bromide in short reaction times (1–2 h) in high enantioselectivities (up to 99%ee) in good yields (up to 89%). The chiral piperazines are recovered in good yields (79–86%) by reduction of the imine byproducts in situ by using NaBH_4. Unexpectedly, the chiral aryl-substituted allenes undergo facile cyclodimerization under neat conditions at 25 °C, in contrast to an earlier report that cyclodimerization takes place at 80 °C in benzene, which further illustrates the importance of the two-step procedure reported herein because the chiral propargylamine may be converted into chiral allene when required.