Preparation and Application of Epoxy Oil-Based Fire-Retardant Plasticizer for PVC

摘要

An epoxy oil-based fire-retardant plasticizer with a triazine ring structure (THEIC-SBOE) has been prepared by transesterification and epoxidation using tris(2-hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate and soybean oil methyl ester as the main raw materials. The structure of THEIC-SBOE has been characterized by FTIR, ~1H NMR and ~(13)C NMR spectroscopies and elemental analysis and its thermal stability has been measured by thermogravimetric analysis. Its epoxy value and acid value have been determined as 4.3 % and 0.6 mg KOH g~(-1), respectively. Examination of the morphology of carbon residue from PVC by scanning electron microscopy showed THEIC-SBOE to serve as an intumescent flame retardant. The results showed that, with the same plasticizer contents incorporated into PVC, THEIC-SBOE imparted similar mechanical properties as epoxidized soybean oil. Furthermore, PVC blends incorporating the synthesized plasticizer THEIC-SBOE displayed better fire-retardant properties than those incorporating dioctyl phthalate. The limiting oxygen index of such a PVC blend reached 28.4 % with 35 % (w/w) THEIC-SBOE incorporation.