2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene: A Surprisingly Insensitive Energetic Fuel and Binder in Melt-Cast Decoy Flare Compositions

摘要

Aircraft are facing a steadily increasing threat by infrared-guided ground-to-air and air-to-air missiles working in the X = 1-5 urn range. To fight these threats, aerial platforms eject pyrotechnic flares, which create an intense infrared signature to distract the seeker of the incoming missile and causes it to lose track of the target, Common first- and second-generation missile seekers track the hottest spot in the field of view (FOV) in the 1.9-2.6 urn range (α-band). Hence they are most advantageously countered by pyrotechnic flares that yield hot flames (r=2000-2500 K) and a graybody type signature. Typical payloads of this type comprise magnesium/ fluorocarbon compositions. However, true aerial targets do not exhibit a graybody-type signature but radiate selectively in the range of the combustion products H2O (1.87, 2.7 μm) and CO2 (2.7, 4.3 μm).