The effect of different fertilization and irrigation treatments on yield and some nut characteristics in pistachio.

摘要

This research was carried out over three years on 'Krmz' pistachio nut cultivar grafted on P. vera L. rootstock grown in a commercial pistachio orchard located in Frat valley in Gaziantep/Nizip county in order to determine the effects of different fertilization and irrigation treatments on yield and some nut characteristics. Nitrogen treatment was split, half in March and the other half in April, using ammonium sulfate at the rate of 0 (Control), 800, 1000 and 1200 g tree-1, while phosphorus from TSP was applied as a basal dressing at the rate of 0 (Control), 200, 400 and 600 g tree-1, in February, at a depth of 25-30 cm. Irrigation was applied as flooding at two different intervals such as 20 days and 30 days from middle of July to harvest time. Flower bud abscission was determined at the beginning of vegetation period, and yield per tree as fresh and inshell nut, nut size as weight, nut splitting rate, empty nut rate were recorded at each harvest season. As a result, increase in nitrogen and phosphorus doses caused little increase in yield. Especially for the 1st and 3rd year of this research, being 'on' years, and difference in flower bud abscission were significant based on fertilization and irrigation treatments. While interactive effects of fertilization doses and irrigation intervals were also significant on nut size and empty nut rate, only irrigation treatments and nitrogen doses significantly affected splitting nut rate in three years.