Breeding for ideal plant type in spring/summer mungbean.

摘要

To develop new improved plant type for spring/summer mungbean 30 exotic lines, acquired from the AVRDC-The World Vegetable Center, Taiwan and 30 indigenous advance breeding lines were evaluated at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. A wide range of variability was observed for most of the component characters including seed yield in both the sets. The heritability estimates were high for all the traits except for days to flowering, days to maturity and fruiting branches in exotic lines and for days to maturity, fruiting branches, pod length, seeds per pod and seed yield in indigenous lines where the estimates were moderate. The estimates of genetic advance (as % of mean) were low for days to flowering and maturity in exotic lines and for days to maturity, pod length and seeds per pod in indigenous breeding lines, while rest of the traits showed moderate to high genetic advance. Clusters, pods per plant and seed weight showed positive correlation with seed yield in both sets, suggesting that these traits are important yield components. Days to maturity was found to be negatively correlated with most of the traits including yield only in indigenous lines indicating that late maturity is not desirable in indigenous lines, thus, early maturity should be a selection criterion. Pod length was positively associated with plant height, seeds per pod and seed weight in both the sets. Overall, the results suggest that in mungbean an ideal plant type should have a combination of characters from indigenous as well as exotic germplasm like resistance to MYMV, early synchronous maturity, long pods with bold shining seeds, and moderate plant height bearing pods at top in bunches. Drooping pods with thick pod coat are desirable as they are less affected by rains and less prone to shattering at maturity.