European Aspects of Kraft Pulp Effluents-Current Situation and Future Possibilities-

摘要

The development of Kraft pulp bleaching technology has led to better quality products and lower emission levels.The ECF bleaching technology has become the most common with 75%world market share for bleached chemical pulps(2001).By internal measures(partial closure,spill control,etc)and by external measures(biological effluent treatment)the COD and AOX emissions can be reduced to the level of l()kg ADT and 0.2 kg/ADT respectively.ECF bleaching technology is now part of the KU BAT,affecting the current emission limit directives.A massive R & I)effort.Ecocyclic Pulp Mill KAM,suggests solutions to further reduce the emission levels.However,most of the technologies still await commercialization.