Gene transfer and problems of transgenic plants

摘要

Methods of gene transfer into plants, results of the field trials of transgenic plants, specificity of taxonomic position of plants in relation to their ability for transformation are given. Data are presented concerning the obtaining transgenic plants with increased content of proteins, essential aminoacids, oils, carbohydrates, increased capacity to postharvest storage, fruits and vegetables with increased resistance to herbicides, viruses, bacterial and fungal diseases, insects, heavy metals. Molecular genetic approaches to production of transgenic plants resistant to diseases including artificial hypersensitivity are discussed. Data on transgenic plants carrying genes encoding pharmaceutical peptides, influencing complex of phenotypic characters (rol C) are presented. Silencing of introduced genes in the progeny of transgenic plants and problems of stabilisation of these genes in a new-genetic background, possible ecological impact of transgenic plants are discussed. Results of production of transgenic plants in the Department of Genetic engineering of the Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of the National Academy of Sciences are presented.