MINERALOGICAL MAPPING OF ORE AREAS: TARGETS, METHODS, APPLIED EFFICIENCY, COMPLEXING. 1. THE COMMON PRINCIPLES OF MINERALOGICAL MAPPING

摘要

Information capacity of minerals provides effectiveness, for the purpose, of practically all geological sampling methods. Mineral anomalies are divided for concentrational (concentration, amount of minerals, structures of their distribution) and constitutional ones, based upon variability of minerals properties (crystal structure - composition - constitution). The anomalies may be primary or secondary ones, they develop along the ontogenetic cycles: origin (syngenesis) -> growth -> transformation ->disintegration. Gradual, directed changes of mineral properties have the peculiar importance. From the point of mineralogical mapping, there should be distinguish the mapping elements: quantitative and qualitative indices, features of minerals, and an algorithm of the mapping: number and hierarchy of elements to be mapped; scale and precision of documentation. The paper displays examples of some most effective types of mineralogical mapping for applied geology purposes.