2013 Progress Report -Characteristics of New Apple Rootstock from the Cornell-USDA Apple Rootstock Breeding Program

摘要

For many apple growers in North America, the bacterial disease fire blight is a serious threat to dwarf apple orchards. Similarly apple replant disease limits tree growth and economic performance of many new high-density orchards. The Cornell University/USD A apple rootstock breeding project located at Geneva, New York has developed rootstock genotypes resistant to fire blight (Erwinia amylovora) and crown rot (Phytophthora spp.) (Cummins and Aldwinckle, 1983; Norelli, et al., 2003; Russo, et al., 2007). Some have been shown to have tolerance to apple replant disease (Auvil, et al., 2010; Isutsa and Merwin, 2000; Robinson and Hoying, 2005; Robinson, et al., 2012). Other trials have evaluated the horticultural productivity and adaptability of the rootstocks to soils in NY (Robinson and Hoying, 2005); Washington (Auvil, et al., 2011); and many other locations in the U.S., Canada and Mexico (Autio, et al., 2008; Autio, et al., 2011a,b: Marini, et al., 2006a,b; Marini, et al., 2009; Robinson, et al., 2003). Others have conducted trials in France (Masseron and Simard, 2002); Poland (Czynczyk, et al., 2010); Switzerland (Egger, et al., 2010); and New Zealand (personal communication Stuart Tustin).