Thermo-XRD-analysis of Co-, Ni- and Cu-montmorillonite treated with anionic alizarinate - Curve-fitting

摘要

Co- and Ni-montmorillonites adsorb in aqueous suspensions up to 13 mmol alizarinate per 100 g clay, onto the broken-bonds whereas Cu-clay adsorbs up to 25 mmol dye per 100 g clay into the interlayer space. Unloaded Co-, Ni- and Cu-clays and samples loaded with increasing amounts of alizarinate, were gradually heated in air to 360 degrees C and analyzed by X-ray diffraction. All diffractograms were curve-fitted. Fitted diffractograms of non-heated samples, showed two peak components labeled C and D, at approximate to 1.22 and approximate to 1.32 nm, characterizing tactoids with mono- and non-complete bilayers of water, respectively. After heating at 120 degrees C component D decreased or disappeared and two new components A and B appeared at approximate to 0.99 and approximate to 1.08 nm, representing collapsed tactoids and tactoids with interlamellar oxy-cations, respectively. At 250 degrees C C and D decreased or disappeared but A and B appeared in all fitted diffractograms. Co- and Ni- clay after heating at 360 degrees C did not show C and D. Components A and B proved that these clays collapsed indicating that initially there was no alizarinate in the interlayers. At 360 degrees C C and D persisted in the fitted-diffractograms of Cu-clay, representing tactoids with interlamellar charcoal formed from the partial oxidation of adsorbed dye initially located in the interlayers.