Re: Ritter, Leonard, Totman, Celine, Krishnan, Kannan, Carrier, Richard, Vezina, Anne, Morisset, Veronique. (2007). Deriving uncertainty factors for threshold chemical contaminants in drinking water. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B, 10:527-557.

摘要

In Part B, issue 10, at page 527 of this journal, Ritter et al. (2007) analyzed the use of uncertainty factors (UFs) to derive drinking-water guideline values as currently practised in the United States, Canada, and Australia and by the World health Organization (WHO). Default factors of 10 seem to be used most often. For reasons of desired flexibility, often a range of 1-10 and sometimes of 3-10 is considered. This terminology and quantification procedure was also common practice in Germany until the end of the 1990s. Since then, an empirical study has brought about a change. This impulse was the project "Quantification of extrapolation factors," which was supported by the German Federal Environment Agency and accompanied by its toxicologists (Kalberlah & Schneider, 1998: Quantification of extrapolation factors. The final report of is published as research project no. 116 06 113 of the Federal Environmental Agency. Schriftenreihe der Bundesanstalt fur Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, Fb 797, Verlag fur neue Wissenschaft GmbH, Bremerhaven, http://www.nw-verlag.de/ie/ index.htm; for the English version; click on "Shop" and search for the names of the authors).